Web Server Potential Command Injection Request

Last updated a month ago on 2025-12-05
Created 2 months ago on 2025-11-19

About

This rule detects potential command injection attempts via web server requests by identifying URLs that contain suspicious patterns commonly associated with command execution payloads. Attackers may exploit vulnerabilities in web applications to inject and execute arbitrary commands on the server, often using interpreters like Python, Perl, Ruby, PHP, or shell commands. By monitoring for these indicators in web traffic, security teams can identify and respond to potential threats early.
Tags
Domain: WebUse Case: Threat DetectionTactic: ReconnaissanceTactic: PersistenceTactic: ExecutionTactic: Credential AccessTactic: Command and ControlData Source: NginxData Source: ApacheData Source: Apache TomcatData Source: IISLanguage: esql
Severity
low
Risk Score
21
MITRE ATT&CK™

Persistence (TA0003)(external, opens in a new tab or window)

Execution (TA0002)(external, opens in a new tab or window)

Command and Control (TA0011)(external, opens in a new tab or window)

Reconnaissance (TA0043)(external, opens in a new tab or window)

License
Elastic License v2(external, opens in a new tab or window)

Definition

Integration Pack
Prebuilt Security Detection Rules
Related Integrations

nginx(external, opens in a new tab or window)

apache(external, opens in a new tab or window)

apache_tomcat(external, opens in a new tab or window)

iis(external, opens in a new tab or window)

Query
text code block:
from logs-nginx.access-*, logs-apache.access-*, logs-apache_tomcat.access-*, logs-iis.access-* | where // Limit to 200 response code to reduce noise http.response.status_code == 200 | eval Esql.url_original_to_lower = to_lower(url.original) | eval Esql.contains_interpreter = case(Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*python* -c*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*perl* -e*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*ruby* -e*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*ruby* -rsocket*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*lua* -e*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*php* -r*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*node* -e*", 1, 0) | eval Esql.contains_shell = case(Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/bin/bash*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*bash*-c*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/bin/sh*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower rlike "*sh.{1,2}-c*", 1, 0) | eval Esql.contains_nc = case(Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*netcat*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*ncat*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower rlike """.*nc.{1,2}[0-9]{1,3}(\.[0-9]{1,3}){3}.{1,2}[0-9]{1,5}.*""" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*nc.openbsd*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*nc.traditional*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*socat*", 1, 0) | eval Esql.contains_devtcp = case(Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/dev/tcp/*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/dev/udp/*", 1, 0) | eval Esql.contains_helpers = case((Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/bin/*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/usr/bin/*") and (Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*mkfifo*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*nohup*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*setsid*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*busybox*"), 1, 0) | eval Esql.contains_sus_cli = case(Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*import*pty*spawn*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*import*subprocess*call*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*tcpsocket.new*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*tcpsocket.open*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*io.popen*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*os.execute*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*fsockopen*", 1, 0) | eval Esql.contains_privileges = case(Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*chmod*+x", 1, 0) | eval Esql.contains_downloader = case(Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*curl *" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*wget *" , 1, 0) | eval Esql.contains_file_read_keywords = case(Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/etc/shadow*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/etc/passwd*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/root/.ssh/*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/home/*/.ssh/*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*~/.ssh/*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/proc/self/environ*", 1, 0) | eval Esql.contains_base64_cmd = case(Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*base64*-d*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*echo*|*base64*", 1, 0) | eval Esql.contains_suspicious_path = case(Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/tmp/*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/var/tmp/*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/dev/shm/*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/root/*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/home/*/*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/var/www/*" or Esql.url_original_to_lower like "*/etc/cron.*/*", 1, 0) | eval Esql.any_payload_keyword = case( Esql.contains_interpreter == 1 or Esql.contains_shell == 1 or Esql.contains_nc == 1 or Esql.contains_devtcp == 1 or Esql.contains_helpers == 1 or Esql.contains_sus_cli == 1 or Esql.contains_privileges == 1 or Esql.contains_downloader == 1 or Esql.contains_file_read_keywords == 1 or Esql.contains_base64_cmd == 1 or Esql.contains_suspicious_path == 1, 1, 0) | keep @timestamp, Esql.url_original_to_lower, Esql.any_payload_keyword, Esql.contains_interpreter, Esql.contains_shell, Esql.contains_nc, Esql.contains_devtcp, Esql.contains_helpers, Esql.contains_sus_cli, Esql.contains_privileges, Esql.contains_downloader, Esql.contains_file_read_keywords, Esql.contains_base64_cmd, Esql.contains_suspicious_path, source.ip, destination.ip, agent.id, http.request.method, http.response.status_code, user_agent.original, host.name, event.dataset, data_stream.namespace | stats Esql.event_count = count(), Esql.url_path_count_distinct = count_distinct(Esql.url_original_to_lower), // General fields Esql.host_name_values = values(host.name), Esql.agent_id_values = values(agent.id), Esql.url_path_values = values(Esql.url_original_to_lower), Esql.http.response.status_code_values = values(http.response.status_code), Esql.user_agent_original_values = values(user_agent.original), Esql.event_dataset_values = values(event.dataset), Esql.data_stream_namespace_values = values(data_stream.namespace), // Rule Specific fields Esql.any_payload_keyword_max = max(Esql.any_payload_keyword), Esql.contains_interpreter_values = values(Esql.contains_interpreter), Esql.contains_shell_values = values(Esql.contains_shell), Esql.contains_nc_values = values(Esql.contains_nc), Esql.contains_devtcp_values = values(Esql.contains_devtcp), Esql.contains_helpers_values = values(Esql.contains_helpers), Esql.contains_sus_cli_values = values(Esql.contains_sus_cli), Esql.contains_privileges_values = values(Esql.contains_privileges), Esql.contains_downloader_values = values(Esql.contains_downloader), Esql.contains_file_read_keywords_values = values(Esql.contains_file_read_keywords), Esql.contains_base64_cmd_values = values(Esql.contains_base64_cmd), Esql.contains_suspicious_path_values = values(Esql.contains_suspicious_path) by source.ip, agent.id | where // Filter for potential command injection attempts with low event counts to reduce false positives Esql.any_payload_keyword_max == 1 and Esql.event_count < 5

Install detection rules in Elastic Security

Detect Web Server Potential Command Injection Request in the Elastic Security detection engine by installing this rule into your Elastic Stack.

To setup this rule, check out the installation guide for Prebuilt Security Detection Rules(external, opens in a new tab or window).